Herein, what is the easiest number system?
The simplest numeral system is the unary numeral system, in which every natural number is represented by a corresponding number of symbols. If the symbol / is chosen, for example, then the number seven would be represented by ///////. Tally marks represent one such system still in common use.
Likewise, who is the father of mathematics? Archimedes
Regarding this, why is base-10 better?
The base 10 system allows for simple explanations of hundred tens and units etc. Using a base two system such as the Arara tribe in the Amazon would get very repetitive and confusing rather quickly but on the other hand using a base 60 system it would take a long time until you exchange it for another to start again.
What is the best base for math?
Base 8 is much more practical for every day usage while still being useful for computer work. Issac Asimov was a big proponent of using base 8 instead of base 10. In contrast many people think base 12 is better because is has the most divisors: 2,3,4 and 6.